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All-sky aurora - 23.3.2023 at 20.26 - 23.3.2023 at 21.08 Kokkola Observation number 113789

Visibility V / V

Tommy Lågland, Ursa (Länsi-Suomi)

A few views on 23.3.2023 and the raw materials for these were exposed on 20.26-21.08.

The launch of the Bror rocket seemed quite certain for the first time, and a possible opening to the clouds opened at the end of a cloudy day completely unexpectedly. The cloudy sky was followed with a bit of concern as we drove towards the northern shore. There was a partial opening in the northern direction, but there was also a wide band of uniform clouds. The uncertainty was further increased by the fact that the perception of Kiruna's position against the horizon was quite large and the height of those barium measurements was a complete lottery.

When I got the car into the park, a quick check on Twitter revealed that the rush had already started, and the couple of hundred meters from the Park to the shore in the knee-deep snow seemed to last forever.

Random camera setups and all of a sudden those troubles started bubbling up. It quickly became clear that the 24-120 millimeter is far too tight. Barium for the clouds would have been enough, but the sky was wide open with a full aurora display going on. The 20 mil one worked better, but I would have needed the 14 mil left in the car in a hurry.

For a while, I managed with that 20 million, but eventually I had to apply for the 14 million. With that 14 millimeter tilted up, the sky was already a bit wider. For my part, I have missed those previous really cool evenings because of the cloudiness. Against that background, those bright red colors of the southern sky were indeed a strong surprise and caused a startle when they first jumped from the rear screen of the camera to the eyes. You can't see anything in the sky, but the camera captured a bright red color display.

As for the clouds, the situation normalized pretty quickly and at 10 p.m. the clouds were already overcast. The gap in the clouds was short-lived, but this time we were lucky when both that rocket launch and that more active northern lights episode happened to hit that short gap.

So the views are all from vertical image sweeps exposed with varying exposure times and they are piled up in slightly different ways. The mils used vary between 14 and 24 mils. Also included as the last one is the spherical panorama where the 14-millimeter was tilted up so that it covered the sky of a full hemisphere.



More similar observations
Additional information
  • Aurora brightness
    • Very bright auroras
  • Observed aurora forms
    • Arc info

      ARC The arcs are wider than the bands and do not fold as strongly. The arcs are normally neither very bright nor active.

      The arc is probably the most common form of aurora. When aurora show is a calm arc in the low northern sky it often doesn’t evolve to anything more during night. In more active shows the arc is often the first form to appear and the last to disappear.

      The lower edge of the arc is usually sharp but the upper edge can gradually blend into the background sky. As activity increases rays and folds normally develop, and the arcs turn gradually into bands.

      An aurora arc runs across the picture. Vertical shapes are rays. Photo by Atacan Ergin.

      Aurora Arc. Photo by Mauri Korpi.

      Aurora Arc. Photo by Anna-Liisa Sarajärvi.

      Aurora Arc. Photo by Matti Asumalahti.

    • Corona info

      CoronaA corona is a hand fan shaped structure, it usually forms south of the observer's zenith, most commonly consisting of rays or bands. The corona is usually the most beautiful part of the aurora show. It is bright and active, but on the other hand also short-lived.

      Aurora corona. Photo by Anna-Liisa Sarajärvi.

      Aurora corona. Photo by Merja Ruotsalainen.

      Corona formed from bands. Photo by Markku Ruonala.

      Aurora corona. Photo by Tapio Koski.

    • Band info

      Bands are usually narrower, more twisty at the bottom, brighter, and more active than arches. Bands usually develop from arches.

      Bands can form J and U shapes, sometimes even full spirals. The corona can also arise from bands. Bands are a fairly common form of aurora.

      Aurora band. Photo by Merja Ruotsalainen.

      Aurora band. Photo by Matias Takala.

      Aurora band. Photo by Lea Rahtu-Korpela.

      Aurora bands. Photo by Lauri Koivuluoma.

      Aurora band. Photo by Matias Takala.

    • Rays info

      The raysare parallel to the lines of force of the magnetic field, i.e. quite vertical, usually less than one degree thick light streaks. The rays can occur alone or in connection with other shapes, mainly with arcs and bands. Short rays are usually brightest at the bottom but dim quickly. The longest rays, even extending almost from the horizon to the zenith, are usually uniformly bright and quite calm, and unlike the shorter rays, most often occur in groups of a few rays or alone. Rays, like bands, are a very typical form of aurora.

      Artificial light pillars, which are a halo phenomenon visible in ice mist, can sometimes be very similar to the rays of aurora. Confusion is possible especially when the lamps that cause the artificial light pillars are far away and not visible behind buildings or the forest. The nature of the phenomenon is clear at least from the photographs.

      Rays. Picture of Tom Eklund.

      Rays. Photo by Mika Puurula.

      Two beams rise from the aurora veil. Photo by Anssi Mäntylä.

      Two radial bands. Show Jani Lauanne.

      Radial band and veil. Photo by Jussi Alanenpää.

      Two rays. Photo by Aki Taavitsainen.

      It may be possible to confuse such rays with artificial light columns. Compare the image below. Picture of Tom Eklund.

      There is no aurora in this image, but all the light poles - including the wide and diffuse bar seen at the top left - are artificial light pillars born of ice mist. Photo by Sami Jumppanen.

      Aurora and artificial light pillars. All the radial shapes in the picture above are probably artificial light pillars that coincide appropriately with the aurora band. In the image below, the aurora band has shifted and does not overlap with the pillars produced by the orange bulbs. There is no orange in auroras. Photo by Katariina Roiha

    • Veil info

      Veil
      Veil is the most bland and very common form of aurora. It usually covers its homogeneous dim glow over a wide area of the sky at once. Most often, the veil is seen in the calmer and quiet phase of the night after the aurora maximum as a background for other forms. The veil can also occur alone and in that case it will be quite difficult to reliably identify as an aurora, especially at a observation site which has a lot of light pollution.

      A similar glow of light can also be caused by airborne moisture, smoke, or a very thin layer of clouds that reflects the light that hits them. However, clouds can also be used to identify veil, especially if the middle or upper cloud appears dark against a lighter background, then it is very likely to be aurora veil if the brightness of the background sky is not due to the rising or falling Moon or Sun. When photographing, very long exposure times usually reveal the green colour of the veil auroras.

      Veil and rays. Photo by Esa Palmi.
       

      Red aurora veil. Photo by Marko Mikkilä.

       

      Veil. Photo by Milla Myllymaa.

       

      Aurora veil that changes color from green at the lower edge through purple to blue at the top. Photo by Jaakko Hatanpää.

       

      Dim green veil. Photo by Jarmo Leskinen.

       

      Radial aurora band surrounded by veil. Photo by Jussi Alanenpää.

    • Pulsating patches info

      Pulsating patches or -aurora typically have more or less regular shape and size. They typically appear in the later part of an aurora display. They are almost always pulsating in variable periods.

  • Colors with unaided eye and other features
    • Green auroras info

      Green, seen with the naked eye, is one the most common colors of the aurora. The green color is derived from atomic oxygen.

      Green auroras. Lea Rahtu-Korpela.

      Green auroras. Photo by Juha Ojanperä.

    • Fully red auroras info

      Completely dark red aurora is a very rare and strikingly handsome revelation. This phenomenon is also due to the discharge of an excitation state of an atomic oxygen.

      Throughout red aurora. Photo by Tobias Billings.

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